Rhamnus cathartica, also known as buckthorn, is a shrub native to Europe that is often found in forests, hedges and along forest edges. This shrub is known for its small, inconspicuous flowers and dark berries that appear in late summer and autumn.
Although the berries are poisonous to humans, they are an important food source for birds and small mammals. Buckthorn is also valued for its dense and prickly growth habit, which provides an effective barrier to livestock and wildlife.